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Both earthquakes took spot on a mistake partition where the Nazca architectonic shell, the segment of the land’s insolence that lies below lots of the Eastern Pacific Ocean southward of the Equator, is sliding below another department, the South American shell. The two are convergency at a order of roughly deuce-ace and a one-half inches a year.

Earthquake experts aforementioned the strains reinforced up by that cause, positive the stresses added on the error zona by the 1960 tremor, led to the breach on Saturday on what is estimated to be astir 400 miles of the district. The tremor generated a tsunami, with little waves figure to hit the West Coast of the United States, and bigger ones for Hawaii and elsewhere in the Pacific.

Jian Lin, a geophysicist with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, aforesaid that the tremor occurred in an domain just northwards of the website of the 1960 seism, with real niggling lap. “Most of the severance tod picked up where the 1960 bust stopped-up,” aforesaid Mr. Lin, who has studied the 1960 result, which occurred on approximately 600 miles of the demerit zona and was careful at magnitude 9.5.

Like many over-the-counter enceinte earthquakes, the 1960 tremor increased stresses on conterminous parts of the mistake partition, including the country where the quiver occurred Saturday. Although thither had been littler quakes in the expanse in the ensuing 50 years, Mr. Lin aforesaid, none of them had been gravid plenty to lighten the striving, which unbroken construction up as the two plates converged. “This one should birth released nearly of the stresses,” he aforementioned.

Experts aforementioned the quake appeared to bear no connexion to a magnitude 6.9 quiver that smitten off the southerly slide of Japan belated Friday even. The Chilean result too had no connectedness to the magnitude 7.0 earthquake that occurred in Haiti on Jan. 12.

That earthquake, which is believed to get killed more than 200,000 mass, occurred on a strike-slip break, in which almost of the primer movement is sidelong. The Chilean temblor occurred on a jabbing mistake, in which nearly of the gesture is erect.

Mr. Lin aforesaid his calculations showed that the quiver on Saturday was 250 to 350 multiplication more muscular than the Haitian earthquake.

But Paul Caruso, a geophysicist with the United States Geological Survey in Golden, Colo., renowned that at least on domain, the effects of the Chilean microseism mightiness not be as bad. “Even though this tremor is bigger, it’s credibly not exit to draw the desolation that the Haitian tremor did,” he aforementioned.

For one affair, he aforesaid, the character of construction expression is mostly punter in Chile than in Haiti. And the fact that the tremor occurred seaward should likewise assistant limitation the devastation. In Haiti, the severance occurred alone a few miles from the cap, Port-au-Prince. The severance on Saturday was centered almost 200 miles sw of the Chilean chapiter, Santiago, and 60 miles from the nighest township, Chillan.

In many respects, Mr. Lin aforementioned, the Chilean seism is exchangeable to the 9.0-magnitude Indonesian quake of Dec. 26, 2004. That palpitate, which besides occurred on a jabbing break, generated a tsunami that killed more than 200,000 citizenry round the Indian Ocean. And care the 1960 Chilean tremor, the Indonesian temblor increased stresses nearby: it was followed, just 3 months afterwards, by an 8.7-magnitude quiver on an conterminous part of the fracture district.

When they pass subaquatic, thrust-fault earthquakes comparable the one in Chile are far more belike to produce tsunamis than quakes on strike-slip faults, aforesaid David Schwartz, an quake geologist with the geologic view in Menlo Park, Calif. “When they gaffe, the demerit that causes the temblor breaks the aerofoil, and pushes the piddle up,” he aforementioned. “It pushes an dread lot of piddle. And that urine has to go someplace.”

That is what occurred in 1960. A tsunami generated by that temblor devastated Hilo, Hawaii, cleanup 61 multitude. Hilo is specially vulnerable to tsunamis because its constrict bay funnels the pee, increasing curl high, which in 1960 reached 35 feet. But the tsunami likewise reached as far as Japan, hit northerly parts of the independent island, Honshu, some a day astern the seism and cleanup 185 masses and destroying more than 1,600 homes.

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